How do I get an access to type information in TypeScript from another (development-time) program?

I would like to get a list of function's arguments' types in TypeScript. As it got obvious from a glance on Google search results, TypeScript lacks Java-kind reflection. I've thought there could be some kind of compiler API to get such data for IDE development needs etc., but I've found none.

So how do I get an access to type information in TypeScript from another program (build tool, lint etc.)?